Y-Axis Jobs Logo
Send us feedback
telephone  +91 7670 800 001
Log in Sign up Try Premium

It And Sofware Jobs in Germany

About 3722 results in (5) seconds Clear Filters

Jobs Search

About 3722 results in (5) seconds
Minijob als Barmann/Barkeeper (m/w/x) im Strandbad Grünau at HR Dpt.
Berlin, Berlin, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Bartending, Customer Service, Drink Preparation, Inventory Management, Health Standards Compliance, German Language, Foreign Language Skills
Specialization
Relevant experience as a bartender or barkeeper is preferred, but not mandatory. Candidates should have a charming demeanor, good manners, and proficiency in German, with foreign language skills being an advantage.
Veterinär*in (m/w/d) – Country Representative Deutschland at CoVet
, , Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Veterinary Medicine, Problem Solving, Coaching, Technical Expertise, Customer Support, Content Creation, Communication, Organization, Multitasking, Collaboration, Market Knowledge, Presentation Skills, Research, Teamwork, Adaptability, Detail Orientation
Specialization
Candidates should have 3-5 years of experience as a practicing veterinarian and possess strong coaching and leadership skills. Fluency in German and English, along with experience in customer support and familiarity with AI systems, is preferred.
Experience Required
Minimum 2 year(s)
Freier Handelsvertreter - Wärmepumpe Region Berlin (m/w/d) at Enpal B.V.
Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Sales, Customer Contact, Lead Generation, Consultation, Contract Negotiation, Customer Orientation, Service Awareness, Presentation Skills
Specialization
Candidates should have at least 2 years of sales experience and a strong enthusiasm for sales and customer interaction. A driver's license and vehicle are required, along with fluent German language skills.
Experience Required
Minimum 2 year(s)
Abiturientenprogramm zum Handelsfachwirt (m/w/d) (3-in-1) at METRO/MAKRO
Dresden, Saxony, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Customer Service, Food Knowledge, Sales Skills, Teamwork, Creativity, Communication Skills, Organizational Skills, Leadership Potential
Specialization
A high school diploma or equivalent is required, along with a strong interest in retail and customer interaction. Team spirit and communication skills are essential for success in this role.
Sicherheitsmitarbeiter (m/w/d) Minijob Strandbad-Grünau at HR Dpt.
Berlin, Berlin, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Einlasskontrolle, Geländeüberwachung, Schutz Der Einrichtungen, Gute Umgangsformen, Sachkundezertifikat, Deutschkenntnisse, Schichtdienst
Specialization
A security certificate according to §34a GewO is required along with very good German language skills. Candidates should be willing to work in shifts and present themselves well.
Bereichsleitung Standortmanagement für Kurse & Erlebnisse at Triviar Education GmbH
Hanover, Lower Saxony, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Organizational Skills, Event Planning, Communication, Proactivity, Creativity, Team Collaboration
Specialization
Candidates should have a completed degree in a relevant field or equivalent commercial training. A proactive and structured approach, along with a passion for creative topics, is essential.
Experience Required
Minimum 2 year(s)
Minijob als Barmann/Barkeeper (m/w/d) im Strandbad Grünau at HR Dpt.
Berlin, Berlin, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Bartending, Customer Service, Teamwork, Reliability, Stress Management, German Language Skills, Inventory Management, Cash Handling
Specialization
Experience as a bartender is advantageous but not required. Candidates should have strong customer service skills and be able to work under pressure.
AUSBILDUNG KAUFMANN/FRAU IM EINZELHANDEL (M/W/D) – Uelzen at JYSK
Uelzen, Lower Saxony, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Customer Service, Teamwork, Sales Skills, Product Presentation, Inventory Management, Communication, Responsibility, Adaptability, Problem Solving, Motivation, Feedback Reception, Personal Development, Career Advancement, Lifestyle Interest, Decor Enthusiasm, Initiative
Specialization
Candidates should have at least a successful secondary school diploma and a passion for lifestyle and decor. Teamwork, enthusiasm for engaging with people, and ambition for career growth at JYSK are essential.
Mandatory Internship in FinOps for New Digital Services at Bosch Group
Immenstaad am Bodensee, Baden-Württemberg, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Finops, Cloud Services, Data Analysis, Java, Python, Scripting Languages, Analytical Skills, It Systems, Business Administration, Communication Skills, Team Player, Proactive Attitude, Hands On Mentality, Technical Details, User Testing, Feedback Collection
Specialization
Candidates should have a Master's degree in Finance, Information Technology, Business Administration, or a comparable field. Previous internships or practical experience, along with a basic understanding of IT systems and strong analytical skills, are preferred.
Global Account Management, Strategy and Operations Manager at Wolt - English
Berlin, , Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Management Consulting, Operational Improvement, Process Optimization, Account Management, Sales, Strategic Thinking, Analytical Execution, Ms Office, Looker, Sql, Crm Tools, Salesforce, Project Management, Communication, Stakeholder Management, Ownership Mindset
Specialization
Candidates should have 3+ years in management consulting focused on operational improvement and 1-2 years in account management or sales within a tech/platform ecosystem. Strong analytical skills and experience with CRM tools are essential.
Experience Required
Minimum 2 year(s)
Working Student: RF Product and Test Engineering (f/m/div) at Infineon Technologies AG Australia
Munich, Bavaria, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Rf Simulation, Pcb Design, Layout Optimization, Technical Documentation, Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Communications Engineering, Microelectronics, Physics, Ai Integration, Data Processing, Process Development, Cae Tools, Python, Data Analysis, Team Player, Proactive Communication
Specialization
Candidates should be studying Electrical or Electronic Engineering, Communications Engineering, Microelectronics, Physics, or a similar field. A strong interest in RF engineering, especially with AI integration, is essential, along with experience in CAE tools.
Internship in Development and Production of MEMS Sensors at Bosch Group
Reutlingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Physics, Microsystem Engineering, Computer Science, Programming, Simulation, Matlab, Simulink, Python, C, Laboratory Measurements, Data Analysis, Measurement Technology, Machine Learning, Automation
Specialization
Candidates should have studies in Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Physics, Microsystem Engineering, Computer Science, or comparable fields. Experience in programming, laboratory measurements, and data analysis is required, along with enthusiasm for MEMS-based sensors and new technologies.
Engineer II, Java/Kotlin - (Logistics, Demand Management) at Delivery Hero
Berlin, , Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Java, Kotlin, Redis, Sql, Nosql, Grafana, Prometheus, Aws, Kubernetes, Terraform, Docker, Distributed Systems, Microservices, Ci/Cd, Apis, Agile
Specialization
Candidates should have 3+ years of application development experience and be familiar with agile and scrum methodologies. Proficiency in Kotlin or Java, along with knowledge of various databases and cloud technologies, is essential.
Experience Required
Minimum 2 year(s)
Praktikant:in (m/w/d) im Bereich PMO & Demand Management at Vodafone United States
Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Project Management, Demand Management, Documentation, Controlling, Reporting, Agile Methodologies, Jira, Confluence, Ms Projects, Analytical Skills, Communication Skills, Team Collaboration, Problem Solving, Quality Awareness, German Language, English Language
Specialization
Candidates must be enrolled in a business or (business) informatics program and have an interest in project and demand management. Strong organizational skills and proficiency in German and English are required.
Executive Assistant Program am Standort München (m/w/d) at Allianz Global Corporate & Specialty SE
Unterföhring, Bavaria, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Analytical Skills, Problem Solving, Leadership Experience, International Experience, Fluent German, Fluent English, Empathy, Self Confidence, Creativity, Innovation, Technology Proficiency
Specialization
Candidates should have a completed or soon-to-be-completed master's degree in relevant fields and some leadership experience. They should also demonstrate strong analytical skills, international experience, and fluency in German and English.
AUSBILDUNG KAUFMANN/FRAU IM EINZELHANDEL (M/W/D) – Kierspe at JYSK
Kierspe, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Customer Service, Teamwork, Sales Skills, Cash Handling, Inventory Management, Communication, Problem Solving, Responsibility, Adaptability, Motivation, Lifestyle Awareness, Decor Knowledge
Specialization
A successful completion of at least a secondary school diploma is required. Enthusiasm for lifestyle and decor, along with teamwork and communication skills, are essential.
Solution Engineering Team Manager - Cloud and AI Platform at Microsoft
, , Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Solution Engineering, Cloud Computing, Artificial Intelligence, Technical Sales, Consulting, People Management, Team Leadership, Collaboration, Change Management, Business Strategy, Coaching, Mentoring, Account Management, Public Sector, Technology Solutions, Software Development
Specialization
Candidates should have a relevant Bachelor's or Master's degree or comparable work experience, along with significant experience in technical sales or consulting. Fluency in English and German is required, along with previous people management experience and a strong understanding of cloud computing and AI.
Experience Required
Minimum 5 year(s)
AUSBILDUNG KAUFMANN/FRAU IM EINZELHANDEL (M/W/D) – Korbach at JYSK
Korbach, Hesse, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Customer Service, Teamwork, Sales Skills, Product Presentation, Inventory Management, Communication, Responsibility, Feedback Reception, Lifestyle Enthusiasm, Decor Knowledge, Motivation, Career Ambition
Specialization
Candidates should have at least a successful secondary school diploma and a passion for lifestyle and decoration. Team spirit and a willingness to contribute and shape the work environment are essential.
AUSBILDUNG KAUFMANN/FRAU IM EINZELHANDEL (M/W/D) – Demmin at JYSK
Demmin, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Customer Service, Teamwork, Sales Skills, Product Presentation, Inventory Management, Communication, Responsibility, Feedback Reception, Lifestyle Enthusiasm, Decor Knowledge, Motivation, Career Ambition
Specialization
Candidates should have at least a successful secondary school diploma and a passion for lifestyle and decoration. Teamwork, enthusiasm for engaging with people, and a drive to succeed at JYSK are essential.
AUSBILDUNG KAUFMANN/FRAU IM EINZELHANDEL (M/W/D) – Moers at JYSK
Moers, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Customer Service, Teamwork, Sales Skills, Product Presentation, Inventory Management, Communication, Responsibility, Adaptability, Motivation, Creativity
Specialization
A successful completion of at least a secondary school diploma is required. Enthusiasm for lifestyle and decoration, along with teamwork and a desire to contribute, are essential.
Minijob als Barmann/Barkeeper (m/w/x) im Strandbad Grünau at HR Dpt.
Berlin, Berlin, Germany -
Full Time

Start Date

Immediate

Expiry Date

20 Jan, 26

Salary

0.0

Posted On

22 Oct, 25

Experience

0 year(s) or above

Remote Job

Yes

Telecommute

Yes

Sponsor Visa

No

Skills

Bartending, Customer Service, Drink Preparation, Inventory Management, Health Standards Compliance, German Language, Foreign Language Skills

Industry

Holding Companies

Description
Unternehmensbeschreibung Seit der Modernisierung 2020 sind wir viel mehr als nur ein Strandbad und inzwischen als eine der beliebtesten Eventlocations in Berlin & Brandenburg bekannt. Ein heißer Sommertag am Strand mit Paul van Dyk oder Schlittschuhlaufen durch unsere verzauberte Winterwelt - wir bieten unseren Gästen und Besuchern das ganze Jahr unvergessliche Erlebnisse. Zwischen Wasser, Strand und Wald finden neben unseren eigenen Events auch exklusive Veranstaltungen wie Hochzeiten, Tagungen und Firmenfeiern statt, bei denen wir unsere Gäste mit Herzblut begleiten. Wir suchen dich! ❤ Werde Teil des schönsten Strandbades Berlins und schreibe mit uns zusammen die Erfolgsgeschichte weiter. Stellenbeschreibung Verkauf & Zubereitung sämtlicher Getränke Gästebetreuung & Gästeberatung Warenbestellung & Warenlagerung Einhaltung der Gesundheits- & Hygienestandards (HACCP) Tagesabrechnungen Monatliche Inventur Qualifikationen Relevante Berufserfahrung als Barmann/Barkeeper, gerne mit Schulungsnachweisen, aber keine Voraussetzung Charmantes Auftreten und gute Umgangsformen Gutes Deutsch in Wort und Schrift Fremdsprachenkenntnisse von Vorteil Wir benötigen kein Anschreiben: Einfach mit wenigen Klicks bewerben. Zusätzliche Informationen Wir haben auch im Winter geöffnet - Keine Saisonarbeit Einstellung ab 18 Jahren Planbare Arbeitszeiten zwischen 09:00 - 22:00 Uhr Anstellung auf Minijobbasis Kostenfreie Personalgetränke + 50 % Rabatt auf Speisen Arbeiten direkt am Strand Abwechslungsreiches Tätigkeitsfeld Angenehmes Arbeitsklima in einem motivierten Team Minutengenaue Zeiterfassung Sehr gute Erreichbarkeit mit Pkw & ÖPNV (Tram-Station direkt vor der Tür)
Responsibilities
The role involves selling and preparing various beverages, as well as providing guest support and advice. Additional responsibilities include ordering and storing goods, maintaining health and hygiene standards, and conducting daily financial reconciliations.
Minijob als Barmann/Barkeeper (m/w/x) im Strandbad Grünau at HR Dpt.
Berlin, Berlin, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Bartending, Customer Service, Drink Preparation, Inventory Management, Health Standards Compliance, German Language, Foreign Language Skills
Specialization
Relevant experience as a bartender or barkeeper is preferred, but not mandatory. Candidates should have a charming demeanor, good manners, and proficiency in German, with foreign language skills being an advantage.
Veterinär*in (m/w/d) – Country Representative Deutschland at CoVet
, , Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Veterinary Medicine, Problem Solving, Coaching, Technical Expertise, Customer Support, Content Creation, Communication, Organization, Multitasking, Collaboration, Market Knowledge, Presentation Skills, Research, Teamwork, Adaptability, Detail Orientation
Specialization
Candidates should have 3-5 years of experience as a practicing veterinarian and possess strong coaching and leadership skills. Fluency in German and English, along with experience in customer support and familiarity with AI systems, is preferred.
Experience Required
Minimum 2 year(s)
Freier Handelsvertreter - Wärmepumpe Region Berlin (m/w/d) at Enpal B.V.
Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Sales, Customer Contact, Lead Generation, Consultation, Contract Negotiation, Customer Orientation, Service Awareness, Presentation Skills
Specialization
Candidates should have at least 2 years of sales experience and a strong enthusiasm for sales and customer interaction. A driver's license and vehicle are required, along with fluent German language skills.
Experience Required
Minimum 2 year(s)
Abiturientenprogramm zum Handelsfachwirt (m/w/d) (3-in-1) at METRO/MAKRO
Dresden, Saxony, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Customer Service, Food Knowledge, Sales Skills, Teamwork, Creativity, Communication Skills, Organizational Skills, Leadership Potential
Specialization
A high school diploma or equivalent is required, along with a strong interest in retail and customer interaction. Team spirit and communication skills are essential for success in this role.
Sicherheitsmitarbeiter (m/w/d) Minijob Strandbad-Grünau at HR Dpt.
Berlin, Berlin, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Einlasskontrolle, Geländeüberwachung, Schutz Der Einrichtungen, Gute Umgangsformen, Sachkundezertifikat, Deutschkenntnisse, Schichtdienst
Specialization
A security certificate according to §34a GewO is required along with very good German language skills. Candidates should be willing to work in shifts and present themselves well.
Bereichsleitung Standortmanagement für Kurse & Erlebnisse at Triviar Education GmbH
Hanover, Lower Saxony, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Organizational Skills, Event Planning, Communication, Proactivity, Creativity, Team Collaboration
Specialization
Candidates should have a completed degree in a relevant field or equivalent commercial training. A proactive and structured approach, along with a passion for creative topics, is essential.
Experience Required
Minimum 2 year(s)
Minijob als Barmann/Barkeeper (m/w/d) im Strandbad Grünau at HR Dpt.
Berlin, Berlin, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Bartending, Customer Service, Teamwork, Reliability, Stress Management, German Language Skills, Inventory Management, Cash Handling
Specialization
Experience as a bartender is advantageous but not required. Candidates should have strong customer service skills and be able to work under pressure.
AUSBILDUNG KAUFMANN/FRAU IM EINZELHANDEL (M/W/D) – Uelzen at JYSK
Uelzen, Lower Saxony, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Customer Service, Teamwork, Sales Skills, Product Presentation, Inventory Management, Communication, Responsibility, Adaptability, Problem Solving, Motivation, Feedback Reception, Personal Development, Career Advancement, Lifestyle Interest, Decor Enthusiasm, Initiative
Specialization
Candidates should have at least a successful secondary school diploma and a passion for lifestyle and decor. Teamwork, enthusiasm for engaging with people, and ambition for career growth at JYSK are essential.
Mandatory Internship in FinOps for New Digital Services at Bosch Group
Immenstaad am Bodensee, Baden-Württemberg, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Finops, Cloud Services, Data Analysis, Java, Python, Scripting Languages, Analytical Skills, It Systems, Business Administration, Communication Skills, Team Player, Proactive Attitude, Hands On Mentality, Technical Details, User Testing, Feedback Collection
Specialization
Candidates should have a Master's degree in Finance, Information Technology, Business Administration, or a comparable field. Previous internships or practical experience, along with a basic understanding of IT systems and strong analytical skills, are preferred.
Global Account Management, Strategy and Operations Manager at Wolt - English
Berlin, , Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Management Consulting, Operational Improvement, Process Optimization, Account Management, Sales, Strategic Thinking, Analytical Execution, Ms Office, Looker, Sql, Crm Tools, Salesforce, Project Management, Communication, Stakeholder Management, Ownership Mindset
Specialization
Candidates should have 3+ years in management consulting focused on operational improvement and 1-2 years in account management or sales within a tech/platform ecosystem. Strong analytical skills and experience with CRM tools are essential.
Experience Required
Minimum 2 year(s)
Working Student: RF Product and Test Engineering (f/m/div) at Infineon Technologies AG Australia
Munich, Bavaria, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Rf Simulation, Pcb Design, Layout Optimization, Technical Documentation, Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Communications Engineering, Microelectronics, Physics, Ai Integration, Data Processing, Process Development, Cae Tools, Python, Data Analysis, Team Player, Proactive Communication
Specialization
Candidates should be studying Electrical or Electronic Engineering, Communications Engineering, Microelectronics, Physics, or a similar field. A strong interest in RF engineering, especially with AI integration, is essential, along with experience in CAE tools.
Internship in Development and Production of MEMS Sensors at Bosch Group
Reutlingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Physics, Microsystem Engineering, Computer Science, Programming, Simulation, Matlab, Simulink, Python, C, Laboratory Measurements, Data Analysis, Measurement Technology, Machine Learning, Automation
Specialization
Candidates should have studies in Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Physics, Microsystem Engineering, Computer Science, or comparable fields. Experience in programming, laboratory measurements, and data analysis is required, along with enthusiasm for MEMS-based sensors and new technologies.
Engineer II, Java/Kotlin - (Logistics, Demand Management) at Delivery Hero
Berlin, , Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Java, Kotlin, Redis, Sql, Nosql, Grafana, Prometheus, Aws, Kubernetes, Terraform, Docker, Distributed Systems, Microservices, Ci/Cd, Apis, Agile
Specialization
Candidates should have 3+ years of application development experience and be familiar with agile and scrum methodologies. Proficiency in Kotlin or Java, along with knowledge of various databases and cloud technologies, is essential.
Experience Required
Minimum 2 year(s)
Praktikant:in (m/w/d) im Bereich PMO & Demand Management at Vodafone United States
Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Project Management, Demand Management, Documentation, Controlling, Reporting, Agile Methodologies, Jira, Confluence, Ms Projects, Analytical Skills, Communication Skills, Team Collaboration, Problem Solving, Quality Awareness, German Language, English Language
Specialization
Candidates must be enrolled in a business or (business) informatics program and have an interest in project and demand management. Strong organizational skills and proficiency in German and English are required.
Executive Assistant Program am Standort München (m/w/d) at Allianz Global Corporate & Specialty SE
Unterföhring, Bavaria, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Analytical Skills, Problem Solving, Leadership Experience, International Experience, Fluent German, Fluent English, Empathy, Self Confidence, Creativity, Innovation, Technology Proficiency
Specialization
Candidates should have a completed or soon-to-be-completed master's degree in relevant fields and some leadership experience. They should also demonstrate strong analytical skills, international experience, and fluency in German and English.
AUSBILDUNG KAUFMANN/FRAU IM EINZELHANDEL (M/W/D) – Kierspe at JYSK
Kierspe, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Customer Service, Teamwork, Sales Skills, Cash Handling, Inventory Management, Communication, Problem Solving, Responsibility, Adaptability, Motivation, Lifestyle Awareness, Decor Knowledge
Specialization
A successful completion of at least a secondary school diploma is required. Enthusiasm for lifestyle and decor, along with teamwork and communication skills, are essential.
Solution Engineering Team Manager - Cloud and AI Platform at Microsoft
, , Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Solution Engineering, Cloud Computing, Artificial Intelligence, Technical Sales, Consulting, People Management, Team Leadership, Collaboration, Change Management, Business Strategy, Coaching, Mentoring, Account Management, Public Sector, Technology Solutions, Software Development
Specialization
Candidates should have a relevant Bachelor's or Master's degree or comparable work experience, along with significant experience in technical sales or consulting. Fluency in English and German is required, along with previous people management experience and a strong understanding of cloud computing and AI.
Experience Required
Minimum 5 year(s)
AUSBILDUNG KAUFMANN/FRAU IM EINZELHANDEL (M/W/D) – Korbach at JYSK
Korbach, Hesse, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Customer Service, Teamwork, Sales Skills, Product Presentation, Inventory Management, Communication, Responsibility, Feedback Reception, Lifestyle Enthusiasm, Decor Knowledge, Motivation, Career Ambition
Specialization
Candidates should have at least a successful secondary school diploma and a passion for lifestyle and decoration. Team spirit and a willingness to contribute and shape the work environment are essential.
AUSBILDUNG KAUFMANN/FRAU IM EINZELHANDEL (M/W/D) – Demmin at JYSK
Demmin, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Customer Service, Teamwork, Sales Skills, Product Presentation, Inventory Management, Communication, Responsibility, Feedback Reception, Lifestyle Enthusiasm, Decor Knowledge, Motivation, Career Ambition
Specialization
Candidates should have at least a successful secondary school diploma and a passion for lifestyle and decoration. Teamwork, enthusiasm for engaging with people, and a drive to succeed at JYSK are essential.
AUSBILDUNG KAUFMANN/FRAU IM EINZELHANDEL (M/W/D) – Moers at JYSK
Moers, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany - Full Time
Skills Needed
Customer Service, Teamwork, Sales Skills, Product Presentation, Inventory Management, Communication, Responsibility, Adaptability, Motivation, Creativity
Specialization
A successful completion of at least a secondary school diploma is required. Enthusiasm for lifestyle and decoration, along with teamwork and a desire to contribute, are essential.